This application note shows the various relationships and methods needed to extract the diffusion coefficient of an inserted species into a host electrodes using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Potentiostatic Intermittent Titermittent Technique (PITT) and Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration technique (GITT). The main results are that when the system is composed of several charge transfer resistances and double layer capacitances, only EIS can simply lead to the diffusion time constants and hence diffusion coefficients.
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Determination of the diffusion coefficient of an inserted species in a host electrode with EIS, PITT and GITT techniques Battery – Application Note 70
Electrical characterization of a ceramic with MTZ-35 and HTSH-1100 test fixture Material Science – Application Note 1
AN1. Electrical characterization of a ceramic with MTZ-35 and HTSH-1100 test fixture. Materials Science
Precision and Accuracy in Coulombic Efficiency Measurements (High Precision Coulometry HPC) Battery – Application Note 53
AN54. High Precision Coulometry HPC. Battery Cycling/Electrochemistry
DC and AC characterization of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB) using a Pinflow 20 cm² test lab cell Battery – Application Note 71
The characterization of Vanadium Redox Battery Cells using BioLogic BCS-815 battery cyclers & a Pinflow® 20 cm² test cell.
How to measure the ohmic resistance of a battery using EIS (EIS-high-frequency-internal-resistance) Battery – Application Note 62
AN62. EIS high frequencies internal resistance. Electrochemistry
The modified inductance element $L_\text a$ Battery – Application Note 42
AN42. Battery-EIS modified inductance element. Electrochemistry
EC-Lab® & BCS-800 with BT-Lab® graphic customization Battery – Application Note 26
AN26, EC-Lab & BT-Lab graphic customization, Electrochemistry
Galvanostatic Cycling with Potential limitation 4: Low Earth Orbit (LEO) battery satellite protocol (GITT#2) Battery – Application Note 3
AN3. GCPL 4 protocol in the field of battery testing. Electrochemistry
Battery cycling with reference electrodes using the PAT-cell test cell Battery – Application Note 58
AN58. Reference electrode. Electrochemistry
Interpretation problems of impedance measurements on time variant systems Battery & Corrosion – Application Note 55
AN55. EIS stationarity - Electrochemistry, Battery & Corrosion. Electrochemistry
Drift correction in electrochemical impedance measurements (EIS non stationarity) Battery – Application Note 17
AN17. EIS non stationarity - Electrochemistry, Battery & Corrosion. Electrochemistry
Differential (Incremental) Capacity Analysis Battery – Application Note 40
AN40. DCS & DCA - Battery. Electrochemistry
The mystery of potentiostat stability explained (Potentiostat stability) Battery – Application Note 4
AN 4. Potentiostat stability - Electrochemistry & Battery. Electrochemistry
Ohmic Drop Part III: Suitable use of the ZIR techniques (Ohmic drop & ZIR techniques) Battery – Application Note 29
AN29< Ohmic drop & ZIR techniques, Electrochemistry
Dynamic resistance determination. A relation between AC and DC measurements? EIS & Battery – Application Note 38
AN38. Internal resistance determination EIS. Electrochemistry
A comprehensive solution to address battery module/pack Energy Storage – Application Note 59
AN59. Pack fuel cell/ stack module battery. Electrochemistry
How to interpret lower frequencies impedance in batteries (EIS low frequency diffusion) Battery – Application Note 61
AN61. EIS low frequencies diffusion - Battery. Electrochemistry
Differential Coulometry Spectroscopy (DCS) Battery – Application Note 57
AN57. DCS & DCA. Electrochemistry
Inaccuracy of corrosion current determination in presence of ohmic drop Corrosion – Application Note 48
AN48. Ohmic drop - Electrochemistry & Corrosion. Electrochemistry
Protocols for studying intercalation electrodes materials- I: Galvanostatic cycling/potential limitations (GCPL) GITT Battery – Application Note 1
AN 1. GITT - Electrochemistry & Battery Application. Electrochemistry
Ohmic Drop Part I: Effect on measurements (Ohmic drop effect on measurements) Battery & Corrosion – Application Note 27
AN27 Ohmic drop effect on measurements, Electrochemistry
Potentio or Galvano EIS Battery – Application Note 49
AN49. Potentio or Galvano EIS Electrochemistry
Precautions for good impedance measurements (EIS) Battery & Electrochemistry – Application Note 5
AN5. EIS precautions - Electrochemistry & Battery. Electrochemistry
Protocols for intercalation electrodes materials-2, Potentiodynamic Cycling/Galvanostatic Acceleration (PCGA) PITT Battery – Application Note 2
AN 2. PITT - Electrochemistry & Battery. Electrochemistry
Graphical and analysis tools in M370/M470 software Scanning Probes – Application Note 8
Application Note 8. AN 8. Scanning Probe Electrochemistry.
Ohmic Drop Part II: Intro. to Ohmic Drop measurement techniques (Ohmic drop measurement) Battery – Application Note 28
AN28, Ohmic drop measurement techniques, Electrochemistry
Distribution of Relaxation Times (DRT): an introduction Battery – Application Note 60
AN60. EIS-Distribution of Relaxation Times DRT. Electrochemistry
EIS pseudocapacitance Battery & Corrosion – Application Note 20
AN 20. EIS pseudocapacitance - Electrochemistry, Battery & Corrosion. Electrochemistry
Using the SECM150 to Measure an NMC Battery Electrode Scanning Probes – Application Note 21
AN21. Measure an NMC Battery Electrode. Scanning probe electrochemistry
Simultaneous impedance measurements elements of a running cell stack in EC-Lab® Express (EIS pack) Battery – Application Note 16
AN16. EIS pack - Electrochemistry & Battery. Electrochemistry
Precise control of flow rate – SFM-2000 series -Rapid kinetics – Application Note 17
AN17. Precise control of flow rate. Stopped Flow/Rapid Kinetics
High precision mixing ratios – SFM-2000 series – Rapid kinetics – Application Note 18
AN18. High precision mixing ratios. Stopped Flow/Rapid Kinetics
Double mixing stopped-flow using interrupted flow method – SFM-2000 seriesRapid kinetics – Application Note 21
AN21 Double mixing stopped-flow using interrupted flow method . Stopped Flow/Rapid Kinetics
ZFit and multiple impedance diagram fitting (EIS Zfit) Battery & Corrosion – Application Note 45
AN45. EIS Zfit - Electrochemistry, Battery & Corrosion. Electrochemistry
Measurement of non-photochemical quenching using the JTS-150 pump probe spectrometerPhotosynthesis – Application Note 5
This application note describes how to measure non-photochemical quenching using the JTS-150 pump probe spectrometer
In situ measurements for shrinking/dilation in energy storage devices during cycling Battery – Application Note 46
AN46. Dilatometer - Electrochemistry & Battery. Electrochemistry
EIS Quality Indicators: THD, NSD & NSR Battery & Corrosion – Application Note 64
AN64. EIS Quality Indicators: THD, NSD & NSR. Electrochemistry
EIS Mathematics #2 – (The simplicity of Laplace transform) Battery – Application Note 50-2
AN 50-2. EIS Mathematics #2 .Electrochemistry
High precision volume delivery – SFM-2000 series – Rapid kinetics – Application Note 16
AN16. High precision volume delivery. Stopped Flow/Rapid Kinetics
Automatic concentration dependance studies – SFM-2000 series – Rapid kinetics – Application Note 19
AN19. Automatic concentration dependance studies. Stopped Flow/Rapid Kinetics
Wide temperature range control -SFM-2000 series – Rapid kinetics – Application Note 20
AN20 Wide temperature range control -SFM-2000 series. Stopped Flow/Rapid Kinetics
CASP: a new method for the determination of corrosion parameters (CASP Rp determination) Corrosion – Application Note 37
AN37. CASP Rp determination. Electrochemistry
EIS measurements on a RDE Part I: Determination of a diffusion coefficient using the new element Winf Electrochemistry – Application Note 66
AN 66. RDE diffusion. Electrochemistry
Constant power technique and Ragone plot Battery & Electrochemistry – Application Note 6
AN6. Ragone plot. Electrochemistry
EIS measurements with multi sine Battery & Corrosion – Application Note 19
AN 19. EIS multi sine - Electrochemistry, Battery & Corrosion. Electrochemistry
THD: parameters affecting its value & comparison with other methods of linearity assessment Battery & Corrosion – Application Note 65
AN65. EIS Quality Indicators THD Electrochemistry
Synthetic vs. Real Driving Cycles: A Comparison of Electric Vehicle Battery Degradation
CITATION: George Baure and Matthieu Dubarry